Author: Jean McDaniel

May 24, 1878.  Harry Emerson Fosdick, pastor, theologian, and peace and justice activist, was born in Buffalo, NY.  Graduating from Colgate University in 1900, and Union Theological Seminary in 1903, he was ordained and served churches in New Jersey and New York, including Riverside Church in Manhattan.    Fosdick became a central figure in the “Fundamentalist-Modernist Controversy” within American Protestantism in the 1920s and 1930s and was one of the most prominent liberal ministers of the early 20th Century.  He presented the Bible as a record of the unfolding of God’s will, not as the literal “Word of God”. He saw the history of Christianity as one of development, progress, and gradual change.  ABHS has many books and articles about his life, and many more that he authored.

 

May 21, 1814.  The precursor to today’s Board of International Ministries was founded in Philadelphia following the Triennial Convention (see May 18).  ABHS is the official repository of the archives of the foreign mission societies and IM.  They contain correspondence between missionaries in places like Congo, Burma and India and the sending agencies.

May 20, 1775.  George Liele  was formally ordained, the first Black Baptist in America to be so.  A slave in South Carolina, Liele  was freed shortly after the beginning of the Revolution .   He supported the British in the war for independence, and after the war, migrated to Jamaica in 1783.  The following year he established the first Baptist church there which he named the Ethiopian Baptist Church.  Liele also established a school in Jamaica.  Deborah Van Broekhoven, ABHS’s Director Emeritus, is one of the editors of a George Liele’s Life and Legacy.  A portrait of Liele  by Averett Shannon hangs in the Reading Room at ABHS.

May 18, 1814.  The Triennial Convention (so called because it met every 3 years) was organized in Philadelphia for the purpose of supporting foreign missions.  Luther Rice was one of the primary movers of this organization, which eventually transformed into International Ministries.  Rice was ordained with Adoniram Judson and sailed with him to India.  He returned to the United States primarily to encourage support for Judson’s mission in Burma.

May 17, 1907.  The Northern Baptist Convention was organized at Calvary Baptist Church in Washington, DC.  A general meeting of all Baptist societies was called, and the American Baptist Home Mission Society, the American Baptist Publication Society and the American Baptist Foreign Mission Society responded. They formed a voluntary organization named the Northern Baptist Convention.  ABHS holds the records of these societies (and others), and the American Baptist Quarterly published a chronology of the denomination in 1995.

May 14, 1754.  John Leland, leading Baptist advocate of religious freedom, was born in Grafton, MA. He was an outspoken abolitionist and an important figure in the struggle for religious liberty in the United States.   Leland also later opposed the rise of missionary societies among Baptists.  ABHS has many books with biographical information about Leland, and books and pamphlets of his writings.

May 11, 1972.  The American Baptist Convention became the American Baptist Churches in the U. S. A.  ABHS has records that document the history of both the Convention and ABCUSA.  The American Baptist Quarterly, published by ABHS, also has a chronology of the ABCUSA in the June, 1995 issue.

May 7, 1668.  Thomas Goold and two others were banished from Massachusetts because of their Baptist beliefs.  This followed a trial for his being absent from church. Even though the jury acquitted Goold, the judge fined him.  He refused to pay, so was imprisoned.  The Governor called for a debate about baptism on April 14 and 15, which Goold was judged to have lost, and so was banished with  William Turner, and John Farnum. They did not leave, however so were thrown in prison again.  After a year in prison Goold escaped with his family to semi-banishment on Noddle’s Island, located in the middle of Boston Harbor outside the court’s jurisdiction.

We celebrate with these churches as the ABC of Massachusetts recognizes the  anniversaries of several churches at their meeting on May 5.

Renewed Baptist Church, Framingham, 25 years with the leadership of Rev. Elias Mereiles;

Bethlehem Baptist Community Church,  Holyoke, 75 years with the leadership of Rev. Paula Alexander;

First Baptist Church, Jamaica Plain, 175 years with the leadership of Rev. Ashlee Wiest-Laird;

First Baptist Church, Cambridge, 200 years with the leadership of Rev. Henry Johnson, Jr.

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May 5, 1773.  Boston area Baptists agreed to stop paying church taxes in protest of the establishment of a state religion.  Baptists and Boston authorities were often at odds regarding freedom of religion, and ABHS has many books and pamphlets that examine the issue.

May 3, 1850.  Charles Spurgeon, world-renowned Baptist preacher and writer was baptized at the age of 16.  Spurgeon was the pastor of the congregation of the New Park Street Chapel (later the Metropolitan Tabernacle) in London for 38 years.  Spurgeon produced powerful sermons of penetrating thought and precise exposition. His oratory skills held his listeners spellbound in the Metropolitan Tabernacle and many Christians hold his writings in exceptionally high regard among devotional literature.  ABHS has some of Spurgeon’s correspondence (1865-1890)  involving personal matters and pastoral concerns.  There are also many of Spurgeon’s writings in the Colgate Historical Collection.

 

May 2, 1883. Nannie Helen Burroughs, editor and National Baptist Convention leader was born in Orange, VA.  She was president of the National Training School for Women and Girls which opened in 1909 in Washington, DC. ABHS has a vertical file and  several books with information about Burroughs.

April 30, 1915:  Ellen Cushing died in Providence, RI.  Cushing was first an educator who assisted freed slaves in entering post-way society.  Later she went as a missionary to Burma with her husband, Josiah, where they collaborated on an English-Shan dictionary.  In the late 1890s, she started the Baptist Training Institute in Philadelphia to train single women missionaries.  The BTI later became Ellen Cushing College.

 

April 29, 1840:  the American Baptist Anti-Slavery Convention held its first session in New York.  Until then, the Baptists had maintained a strained peace by carefully avoiding discussion of the topic of slavery. But in 1840, an American Baptist Anti-Slavery Convention brought the issue into the open.  The Baptist Foreign Mission Board denied a request by the Alabama Convention that slave owners be eligible to become missionaries. Finally, a Baptist Free Mission Society was formed and refused Southern money. The southern members withdrew and formed the Southern Baptist Convention.  The split was completed in 1845.

April 29, Connecticut Region will celebrate these church anniversaries:

Central Christian Church, Danbury, 200 years, Rev. Stephen Tickner;

South Woodstock Baptist Church, Woodstock, 225 years, Mr. Robert Beckwith;

Cornerstone Baptist Church, Danielson, 225 years, Rev. Erica Wimber Avena;

First Baptist Church, Wallingford, 200 years, Rev. Dr. Douglas Valentine;

Mt. Olive Baptist Church, Hartford, 100 years, Rev. Dion J. Watkins.

 

April 24  This month the First Baptist Church of Gloucester City, New Jersey celebrated 150 years of faithful service under the leadership of Pastor Richard Gehret

April 22, 1834: Johann Oncken was one of the first Baptists in Germany to be baptized. Hamburg. Born in Germany, but raised in Scotland and England, Oncken embraced believer’s baptism by immersion after much study and consultation.  The Continental Society appointed him as a missionary to Germany where his ministry, although plagued by civil and religious persecution, prospered beyond his wildest expectations. In 1834, Barnas Sears, an American Baptist visiting on the continent baptized Oncken and his wife, along with five other believers, in the Elbe River. The following day they were organized into a Baptist church with Oncken as their pastor.   It is estimated that Oncken was responsible for distributing over two million Bibles and untold millions of gospel tracts in Europe. His motto was “Every Baptist a missionary.”